Lower Limb Prosthetic

Lower limb prosthetics are artificial devices designed to replace a part or the entirety of a leg, helping individuals regain mobility and function. These prosthetics are essential for those who have lost a leg due to injury, disease, or congenital conditions, enabling them to walk, run, and perform other activities.

Types of Lower Limb Prosthetics:

Transtibial Prosthetics (Below-Knee Prosthetics): These are used for individuals who have had an amputation below the knee. The prosthetic typically includes a foot, ankle, and a pylon (a rod-like structure) that connects to the residual limb.
Transfemoral Prosthetics (Above-Knee Prosthetics): These are designed for individuals who have had an amputation above the knee. They include a knee joint, which can be mechanical or computerized, a pylon, and a foot.
Hip Disarticulation Prosthetics: Used when the entire leg, including the hip joint, has been amputated. These prosthetics include a hip joint, knee joint, and foot, and they often require more energy to use.
Symes Prosthetics: For amputations through the ankle joint. These prosthetics provide stability and are designed to handle the unique challenges of an ankle disarticulation.
Activity-Specific Prosthetics: Similar to upper limb prosthetics, these are designed for specific activities, such as running, swimming, or cycling. They may be lighter, more durable, or shaped differently to suit the particular activity.

Components of Lower Limb Prosthetics:

Prosthetic Foot: Can be simple or advanced, with options like energy-storing feet, dynamic response feet, or microprocessor-controlled feet that adjust to walking speed and terrain.
Prosthetic Knee: In transfemoral prosthetics, the knee can be mechanical (providing basic support) or powered by a microprocessor for more natural movement and stability.
Pylon: The shaft that connects the prosthetic foot and knee to the socket. It can be rigid or have shock absorbers and torsion adapters to mimic natural leg movement.
Prosthetic Socket: The interface between the residual limb and the prosthetic. It’s custom-made for a comfortable and secure fit.
Suspension System: Keeps the prosthetic attached to the body. This can be achieved through suction, belts, or locking mechanisms.

Technology in Lower Limb Prosthetics:

Microprocessor-Controlled Knees (MPKs): These advanced prosthetics use sensors and microprocessors to adjust the resistance of the knee joint in real-time, allowing for smoother and more stable movement, especially on uneven terrain or stairs.
Energy-Storing Feet: Designed to mimic the natural movement of the foot and ankle by storing and releasing energy with each step, improving walking efficiency.

Lower limb prosthetics are critical in restoring mobility, independence, and quality of life for individuals who have lost a leg, enabling them to engage in a wide range of physical activities and maintain an active lifestyle.